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In oxidative process, the dyes in the water do not have to be fully decomposed for decolorisation to occur. As the dyes are oxidized, they are broken down into small colorless molecules. The
decolorisation process occurs in the smaller molecules of the organic dyes such as in carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, aldehydes acids etc. depending both on dye molecular structure and on the strength of the oxidation technique.
In oxidation process, the aim is to destroy the chromophore or convert it into a biodegradable form by attacking weak bonds in the dye molecules with suitable oxidizing agents. Advanced oxidation process is one of the
potential alternatives for decolorisation and detoxification of waste water from textile dyeing and finishing effluents. This process implies generation and subsequent reaction of hydroxyl radical, which is the most powerful oxidizing species after
ozone. Different oxidizing methods are given below:
- Ozone decolorisation
- UV irradiation Decolorisation
- Hydrogen peroxide Decolorisation
- UV/Hydrogen peroxide Photochemical oxidation
- Combined sonolysis and ozonation
- Combined ozonation and Chemical coagulation
- Ozonation with ultraviolet light
- Combined ozone carbon decolorisation
- Gamma irradiation technique
- Gamma irradiation + Ozone decolorisation
- Gas phase oxidation
- Wet air oxidation
- Sodium Hypocholorite decolorisation
- Persulphate decolorisation
Other than Oxidative processes the following techniques also are found to be in vogue in the treatment of textile effluents.
- Coagulation / precipitation / flocculation
- Fenton"s reagent process
- Electro Chemical Methods
- Reduction process
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